What are the primary components of embalming fluid?

Embalming fluid primarily consists of formaldehyde, methanol, and a variety of other chemicals. Formaldehyde is a key ingredient because it acts as a potent preservative and disinfectant, effectively delaying decomposition by killing bacteria and fungi. Methanol serves as a solvent and stabilizer, improving the solution's effectiveness and allowing it to penetrate tissues more uniformly. Other chemicals can include various humectants, dyes, and additional preservatives to enhance the fluid's properties, catering to the specific needs of the embalming process. This combination of ingredients is crucial in ensuring that the body is preserved and presented in a dignified manner during viewings or funerals.

The other options contain substances that do not function as effective embalmers. For example, water and salt are often used in various solutions for different purposes but lack the preservative qualities essential for embalming. Similarly, combinations like alcohol and vinegar or chlorine and alcohol do not align with the traditional components that are scientifically recognized for their role in preserving human remains. Thus, the choice of formaldehyde, methanol, and other chemicals represents the standard formulation used in embalming fluids.