What are the stages of grief outlined by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross?

The stages of grief outlined by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross are denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. This model, introduced in her book "On Death and Dying," describes the emotional responses that individuals often experience when faced with loss or impending death.

Denial serves as a defense mechanism, allowing individuals to process the initial shock of loss. Anger reflects the frustration and helplessness experienced in the face of such profound grief. Bargaining involves searching for ways to reverse or delay the loss, often through negotiation with a higher power. Depression is characterized by deep sadness and introspection as individuals come to terms with their loss. Finally, acceptance is where individuals find a way to move forward, acknowledging the reality of their situation while adapting to it.

This framework is significant in understanding how people cope with grief, illustrating that these responses do not occur linearly, and individuals may revisit certain stages multiple times during their grieving process. The stages provide a way to recognize and validate the emotional turmoil that accompanies loss, emphasizing that grief is a deeply personal experience that varies widely among individuals.